Computational fluid dynamics predictions of draught and trim variations on ship resistance in confined waters

Adjusting a vessel's trim and draught to enhance resistance characteristics is promising strategy improve the energy efficiency of maritime transport. However, vast majority scientific effort has been directed at such gains in deep, unrestricted waters. Shallow confined waters modify flow pressure distribution around ship, altering considerably curve. This study aims elucidate increase effects on ship's while advancing through restricted waterway using Computational Fluid Dynamics. The results show that increasing benchmark hull magnifies hydrodynamic by approximately 10% 15% depending ship speed. added may be compensated adjusting vessels’ trim, but ability compensate sensitive At low speeds, numerical model predicts due higher can reduced varying angle leaving total 0.87% than design zero condition. On other hand, speeds offer greater potential for reduction trim.